Converters guide

Inches to millimeters: why 25.4 is not a rounding

A lot of “about 25 mm” advice is how a ¼-inch bolt becomes the wrong socket. Since 1959 the inch is defined as 25.4 millimeters exactly. The converter is just that multiply. The work is turning a fraction into a decimal first.

Updated 2026-09-19

The factor you can trust

millimeters = inches × 25.4. One inch is 25.4 mm, not 25, not 2.54 cm with a shrug. A 2-inch pipe stub is 50.8 mm. A 12-inch ruler is 304.8 mm.

If a drawing says 5/16 in, that is 0.3125 in × 25.4 = 7.9375 mm. Do the fraction before you reach for a rounded “8 mm” unless the spec allows it.

When “inch” is a nickname

Nominal pipe size, lumber “2×4,” and some screen diagonals are not the measured inch. Convert the number you measured with a caliper, not the catalog name.

US survey foot is a hair different from the international foot. For a bolt or a phone spec it never matters. For a long property line, use the survey page’s dictionary.

Key takeaways

  • Multiply inches by 25.4. That factor is exact.
  • Turn fractions into decimals before you convert.
  • Do not convert a nickname (NPS, 2×4) as if it were a measurement.

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